The economy of ptolemaic egypt ancient history encyclopedia. All of the offices dealing with finances, agriculture, and recordkeeping were under his auspices. Manning stanford university department of classics building 20 stanford, ca 943052080 usa version of 30 june 2004 comments to. Drawing primarily on hoards, but also on metrological and metallurgical analyses, the authors propose a relative chronology and classification for egyptian bronze coinage of the second century bc. The ptolemies came to rule egypt after the arrival of alexander the great 356323 bce in 332 bce. Ptolemaic kingdom wikipedia ptolemaic art was produced ptolemsico the reign of the ptolemaic rulers 30 bc ptollemaico, and was concentrated primarily within the bounds of the ptolemaic empire. It was ruled by the ptolemaic dynasty, which started with ptolemy i soter s accession after the death of.
Ptolemaic egypt was a culturally and intellectually lively place. The eponymous priests of ptolemaic egypt chronological. As egypt came under foreign domination and decline, the pharaohs depended on the greeks as mercenaries and even advisors. And it is against the backdrop of pre ptolemaic egypt that one can best 12 on oriental despotism, see below, chapter. Manning by revealing the dynamics between central and local power in egypt, joe manning demonstrates that ptolemaic economic power ultimately shaped roman egyptian social and economic institutions. In a pdf file, one can search for each and any word. The grecomacedonian dynasty of the ptolemies, which ruled egypt from 322 until 30 bce, established early on a practice of incestuous marriage in the royal house. Royal ptolemaic objects at the british museum varied between statues, stelae, temple. Under the guidance of his teacher, demetrius phalereus who was in turn a former pupil of aristotle, ptolemy built the museum and library of alexandria and invited scholars from all around the world to. Google drive or other file sharing services please confirm that you accept. Ptolemy i soter, the first king of ancient egypts ptolemaic dynasty article by jimmy dunn in the ancient world, there is no surprise that military men often became rulers. Egypt before the pharaohs download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. On the death of alexanders last heirs, his conquests were divided among his generals. Ptolemaic egypt was a multicultural and multilingual society ray 1992.
Alexandria had access to the mediterranean countries through its two sea harbors as well as access to the rest of egypt via the inland harbor on lake mariout. Instead, they isolated themselves in the capital city of alexandria, a city envisioned by alexander the great. Ptolemaic synonyms, ptolemaic pronunciation, ptolemaic translation, english dictionary definition of ptolemaic. This is the only substantial and uptodate reference work on the ptolemaic army. Ptolemaic egypt stands at the crossroads of egyptian and hellenistic history. This dissertation critically examines accepted ideas of ethnic identity in ptolemaic egypt through an archaeological analysis of patterns in mortuary behavior. Read an outline of the history of ptolemaic and roman. Jul 25, 2018 the chief economic minister in ptolemaic egypt was the dioiketes, who was appointed by the ruling monarch to set egypts economic policies.
Despite the strength of the ptolemaic army, evinced in 217 bc with the victory over the. Until the day when he openly assumed an independent kingship as ptolemy i soter, on november 7, 305 bce, ptolemy used only the title satrap of egypt, but the great hieroglyphic satrap stela, which he had inscribed in 311 bce, indicates a degree. Ptolemaic royal representations from this period show a stylised version of. I asked a question about the ptolemies over on raskhistorians and was recommended egypt in the age of cleopatra by michel chauveau it was a good read as well as the last pharaohs. At the time, the end of the third intermediate period, egypt had been ruled as a persian satrapy for a decadeindeed that was the case in egypt off and on since the 6th century bce. The next section discusses the ecological context of egyptian land tenure. Ancient egypt macedonian and ptolemaic egypt 33230 bce. Of or pertaining to the astronomer claudius ptolemy. Ptolemaic egypt 332 30 bc part 12 ancient egypt facts. Under the guidance of his teacher, demetrius phalereus who was in turn a former pupil of aristotle, ptolemy built the museum and library of alexandria and invited scholars from all around the world to come and join the intellectual community of the city. These men, most of whom rose through the military ranks, usually had considerable administrative skills and had proved themselves to be leaders. Ptolemaic egypt stayed friendly with rome during the roman wars with carthage. Royal land in ptolemaic egypt princeton university.
The last pharaohs, the first detailed history of ptolemaic egypt as a state, departs radically from previous studies by putting the ptolemaic state. Princetonstanford working papers in classics counting the greeks in egypt immigration in the first century of ptolemaic rule version 1. Temple festivals of the ptolemaic and roman periods. We can avoid some of the problems with the typology of the ptolemaic state by simply stating that it. Like most of the other armies of the diadochi, it was very much macedonian in style, with the use of the long pike sarissa in a deep phalanx formation.
Then, when alexander the great of macedon set out to dismantle the persian empire, he took egypt in 332 b. This cus tom, which may have had a number of pragmatic functional pur. It was ruled by the ptolemaic dynasty, which started with ptolemy i soters accession after the death of alexander the great in 323 bc and which ended with the death of cleopatra and the roman conquest. Egypt 164163, 145, 127116 145 union with ptolemaic egypt.
Other articles where ptolemaic dynasty is discussed. The ptolemaic dynasty, also known as the lagids or lagidae, was a macedonian greek royal family who ruled over egypt. Egyptian temples of the ptolemaic and roman periods provided the setting for the dramatic performance of various cultic activities, such as festivals. The great revolt of the egyptians 205186 bc uc berkeley library. Ptolemy i soter, the first king of ancient egypt s ptolemaic dynasty article by jimmy dunn in the ancient world, there is no surprise that military men often became rulers.
By the end of the third century bc, for example, there was an independent bronze coinage, a fact that coincides well with the stronger ptolemaic institutional control throughout egypt. This paper examines the problem of ptolemaic incest from a variety of crossdisciplinary perspectives. This overview describes the nature, distribution national. Media in category ptolemaic dynasty the following 7 files are in this category, out of 7 total. Ptolemy xv caesar, nicknamed caesarion little caesar lived june 23, 47 to august, 30 bc. These men, most of whom rose through the military ranks, usually had considerable administrative skills and had proved themselves to. Identity, burial practice, and social change in ptolemaic egypt. All the trade and goods transported by ship from across sea and by boat on the lake and the river nile, would pass through alexandria making it a very wealthy city.
In the autumn of 332 bce alexander the great invaded egypt with his mixed army of macedonians and greeks and found the egyptians ready to throw off the oppressive control of the persians. Ptolemy, was one of alexander the greats generals and deputies. Their rule lasted for 275 years, from 305 bc to 30 bc. Alexander promised to liberate them, and they put their full trust in him. This paper presents the data and the methods available to estimate the number of greeks immigrating and settling in ptolemaic egypt. Vi philometor might even go to rome to sollicit roman help. Egypt in particular the royal representations and the impact of such. Link to publication record in edinburgh research explorer document version. Greek city of alexandria, situated on a peninsula before the coast of egypt, a bit like. And it is against the backdrop of pre ptolemaic egypt that one can best. Alexander was welcomed by the egyptians as a liberator and took the country without a battle. I shall argue that the evaluations generally proposed 10% of.
Archiving, erudition, and empire in ptolemaic egypt. Ptolemaic dynasty simple english wikipedia, the free. This is the illustrated itinerary based on a virtual nile cruise of egypt that includes the ptolemaic and. Pharaonic temples in upper egypt from the ptolemaic and roman. All the trade and goods transported by ship from across sea and by boat on the lake and the river nile, would pass through alexandria making it. Media in category ptolemaic temples the following 12 files are in this category, out of 12 total. For this approach for the hellenistic world, see above all reger 1994. And it is against the backdrop of preptolemaic egypt that one can best. Ptolemaic not comparable of or pertaining to the ptolemies, rulers of hellenistic egypt. When cleopatra died he was still pharaoh and it is thought that he was killed by octavian. The ptolemaic economy the cambridge economic history of the grecoroman world.
A history of egypt under the ptolemaic dynasty internet archive. Three other fragmentary copies of the same decree were discovered later, and several similar egyptian bilingual or trilingual inscriptions are now known, including three slightly earlier ptolemaic decrees the decree of alexandria in 243 bc, the decree of canopus in 238 bc, and the memphis decree of ptolemy iv, c. Oddly, while they ruled egypt, they never became egyptian. Pharaonic temples in upper egypt from the ptolemaic and. Army and society in ptolemaic egypt christelle fischer. It is this last point, the understanding of its institutions, that is the key to any assessment of the ptolemaic economy. Pdf court, chora, and culture in late ptolemaic egypt.
The eponymous priests of ptolemaic egypt chronological lists of the priests of alexandria and ptolemais with a study of the demotic transcriptions of their names. Egypt in the ptolemaic period essay the metropolitan. The history of ptolemaic egypt has usually been doubly isolatedseparated both from the history of other hellenistic states and from the history of ancient egypt. Pdf bronze coinage of ptolemaic egypt in the second century bc. Ancient egypt ancient egypt macedonian and ptolemaic egypt 33230 bce. The ptolemaic period 33230 bce brian muhs, university of chicago. Berenice ii and the golden age of ptolemaic egypt offers a portrait of a woman who had access to the cultural riches of both greece and egypt and who navigated her way carefully through the possibilities that these assets presented to her, ultimately using them to accrue unprecedented honors thatwere all but equal to those of the king. Royal incest and the ptolemaic dynastyresponse to michael m. Indigenous egyptian elites who held titles in the late ptolemaic court hierarchy offer a counterpoint to the typical model of hellenistic.
The last pharaohs, the first detailed history of ptolemaic egypt as a state, departs radically from previous studies by putting the ptolemaic state firmly in the context of both. Ptolemaic egypt 332 30 bc when alexander marched on egypt, the egyptians had no reason to fear that this would be the beginning of the end of their status as an independent nation. An aid in the study of the ptolemaic macedonianbased greek, roman imperial grecoroman, and byzantine rulers of egypt based in alexandria, this portal site is intended for all classicists and students of hellenistic history. The ptolemaic army was the army of the ptolemaic macedonian kings that ruled egypt from 305 to 30 bc. Employing greek and egyptian papyri and inscriptions, and building on approaches developed in stateformation theory, it offers a coherent account of how the changing structures of the army in egypt after alexanders conquest led to the development of an ethnically more integrated society. Erskine, a 1995, culture and power in ptolemaic egypt. Available formats pdf please select a format to send. Ptolemy i soter, the first king of ancient egypts ptolemaic. This book is an attempt to provide it, and at the same time to bridge the wide gap between the different fields of antiquity and the different types of source material. Administration, ptolemaic egypt wiley online library.
It was ruled by the ptolemaic dynasty, which started with ptolemy i soter s accession after the death of alexander the great in 323 bc and which ended with. A comparative demographic perspective by walter scheidel and the oikos of alexandria by livia. The administration of ptolemaic egypt was an amalgam of egyptian, saite, persian, and. Many years ago i began to feel the lack of a documented study of even the main aspects of alexandrian life in the ptolemaic period. But a patronclient relationship begins to develop in the second century bc, with rome as the most powerful party. Thompson 2009 to which immigrants came from all over the eastern mediter ranean mueller 2006. Since the representation of individuals in death is intentionally arrayed by the living, mortuary practices provide an ideal means for investigating questions of identity and social distinctio. The four pharaonic temples of dendera, esna, edfu and kom ombo, apart from their geographical location, all belong to the ptolemaic period dynasty of the ptolemies, the successors of alexander the great, which reigned between 304 and 30 bc and to the roman period between 30 bc and 395 ad even though they all replaced much older temples on the same sites. Sep 29, 2016 the ptolemaic dynasty controlled egypt for almost three centuries 305 30 bce, eventually falling to the romans. Park has compared ancient egypt with the modern senegal river basin and has offered. Ptolemaic definition of ptolemaic by the free dictionary.
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